The bill wants to update a farming research partnership between the U.S. and Israel, adding more countries to join in. It plans to spend $18 million each year for five years to support these projects, making sure they help everyone grow food in a fair and smart way.

The FORTIFY United States Research Act is like a safety rule that says the U.S. shouldn't team up with certain countries to do science projects that might help build big tools for defense or security because it could be risky. It also says there should be a list of these risky projects and that people need to be careful when sharing important science secrets.

The bill S. 5361 aims to make weather forecasts better, especially for big rainmakers called atmospheric rivers, by using new ways to understand the weather and sharing important information with everyone to help keep them safe.