Overview

Title

To amend the Public Health Service Act to reauthorize and extend the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prevention and Services program, and for other purposes.

ELI5 AI

The bill wants to keep helping doctors and scientists learn more about why it's important not to drink alcohol when someone is pregnant. It also wants to help more people learn about this and make sure everyone stays healthy by giving money to schools and communities to do this important work.

Summary AI

The bill, S. 139, aims to amend the Public Health Service Act to continue and expand support for the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) Prevention and Services program. It proposes to enhance research, prevention, identification, and intervention efforts related to FASD, including increasing awareness and building State and Tribal capacity. The bill also suggests establishing FASD Centers for Excellence to support local and national initiatives. Funding for these activities is authorized for fiscal years 2025 through 2029.

Published

2025-01-16
Congress: 119
Session: 1
Chamber: SENATE
Status: Introduced in Senate
Date: 2025-01-16
Package ID: BILLS-119s139is

Bill Statistics

Size

Sections:
4
Words:
2,140
Pages:
12
Sentences:
29

Language

Nouns: 641
Verbs: 188
Adjectives: 129
Adverbs: 10
Numbers: 39
Entities: 109

Complexity

Average Token Length:
4.36
Average Sentence Length:
73.79
Token Entropy:
5.08
Readability (ARI):
39.22

AnalysisAI

The bill in discussion, titled the "Advancing FASD Research, Services and Prevention Act" or the "FASD Respect Act," aims to amend the Public Health Service Act. It seeks to reauthorize and enhance the Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) Prevention and Services program. The legislation focuses on offering more robust support to individuals and families affected by FASD through expanded prevention, identification, intervention programs, and establishing Centers for Excellence.

General Summary

The proposed legislation is designed to improve support and services for those impacted by FASD. By amending the existing Public Health Service Act, the bill intends to extend the program focused on FASD for fiscal years 2025 through 2029. It plans to expand and improve identification, treatment, and awareness while creating new FASD Centers for Excellence aimed at broadening the reach of this initiative. These centers will enable local and national efforts concerning FASD awareness, training, and support, among other community-focused objectives.

Summary of Significant Issues

A significant issue pertains to the bill's authorization for appropriations. The lack of specific funding amounts and the language stating “such sums as may be necessary” could lead to unchecked spending. This wording invites potential misuse of funds due to the absence of concrete fiscal boundaries.

The bill's language includes terms like 'as appropriate' and 'demonstrated expertise,' which are open to interpretation. These terms may result in inconsistencies in how the programs are implemented and funds are allocated. There is also a lack of specified criteria and guidelines for selecting entities eligible for funding and evaluating the effectiveness of strategic plans or advisory committees.

Impact on the Public

Broad Public Impact

The legislation stands to significantly benefit public understanding and support of FASD, which is necessary for addressing the needs of affected individuals and families. By enhancing awareness and improving diagnosis and treatment options, it is expected that the quality of life for those impacted by FASD will improve. Moreover, public health outcomes could be positively influenced by reduced incidents of FASD brought about by better preventive measures and educational initiatives.

Specific Stakeholder Impact

For healthcare professionals, this bill provides opportunities for enriched training and resources, allowing them to offer improved diagnosis and treatment for FASD. These enhancements aim to ensure that medical professionals are better equipped to tackle FASD-related challenges, reflecting a significant positive impact for this group.

On the other hand, the bill’s ambiguity concerning financial limits and operational guidelines could negatively impact administrators who are left to interpret its vague directives. This lack of clarity might lead to uneven execution of the program's goals across different regions.

Furthermore, nonprofit organizations and entities seeking grants might face uncertainties due to unclear criteria for funding. This could potentially skew the selection process and lead to perceived favoritism or a lack of transparency.

Conclusion

The "Advancing FASD Research, Services and Prevention Act" holds promise for enhancing support structures for individuals and families affected by FASD. By focusing on prevention, awareness, and treatment, the bill envisions a reduction in FASD cases and improved life outcomes for those impacted. However, the legislative language needs refinement to ensure financial accountability and equitable distribution of resources. Clearer guidelines and metrics would fortify the execution of the bill's initiatives and ensure that its potential to positively impact public health and relevant stakeholders is fully realized.

Issues

  • The authorization of 'such sums as may be necessary' for appropriations in Section 399J lacks specificity, leading to potential unbounded or unchecked spending, which raises financial concerns.

  • Section 2 introduces broad authorization for appropriations without specifying exact amounts for fiscal years 2025 through 2029, possibly resulting in unchecked or wasteful spending, thus posing financial risks.

  • The use of vague language such as 'as appropriate' and 'demonstrated expertise' in Sections 2 and 399I could lead to inconsistent implementation and oversight, risking inefficiencies and misallocation of resources.

  • Section 2 contains multiple instances of 'as appropriate,' which can cause ambiguity in program implementation and oversight, potentially leading to mismanagement or misuse of funds.

  • Section 399I does not specify criteria for selecting entities eligible for awards, which may cause favoritism or lack of transparency in the awarding process, raising ethical and legal concerns.

  • The absence of specific criteria or guidelines for evaluating the effectiveness of advisory committees and strategic plans in Section 2 may lead to ineffective use of resources and missed objectives.

  • Section 399I allows funding for 'other functions, as appropriate' without defining these functions, leading to potential misuse of funds or lack of accountability.

  • Subcontracting provisions in Section 399I could dilute accountability and spread responsibility across multiple entities, making oversight and performance evaluation difficult.

Sections

Sections are presented as they are annotated in the original legislative text. Any missing headers, numbers, or non-consecutive order is due to the original text.

1. Short title Read Opens in new tab

Summary AI

The first section of this Act states that the law can be called the "Advancing FASD Research, Services and Prevention Act" or the "FASD Respect Act."

2. Support for individuals and families impacted by fetal alcohol spectrum disorder Read Opens in new tab

Summary AI

The bill updates the Public Health Service Act to enhance support and services for individuals and families impacted by Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). It does so by expanding prevention, identification, intervention programs, and establishing Centers for Excellence to boost local and national efforts in awareness, training, and support regarding FASD, with authorized funding for fiscal years 2025 through 2029.

399I. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders Centers for Excellence Read Opens in new tab

Summary AI

The section describes how the Secretary can give grants or contracts to qualified organizations to set up Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Centers for Excellence. These centers aim to improve understanding, prevention, and support for FASD by expanding diagnosis, raising public awareness, acting as resource hubs, offering training, and more, with the goal of better supporting individuals and families affected by FASD.

399J. Authorization of appropriations Read Opens in new tab

Summary AI

The section authorizes the allocation of unspecified amounts of money needed to implement the provisions of this part for each fiscal year from 2025 to 2029.