Overview
Title
To reauthorize the National Quantum Initiative Act, and for other purposes.
ELI5 AI
H.R. 6213 is a plan to help America become really good at using quantum science, kind of like super-smart computers, by working together with schools, businesses, and other countries, but it needs clear rules to make sure the money isn't wasted.
Summary AI
H.R. 6213 is a bill reauthorizing the National Quantum Initiative Act, aiming to advance quantum science, engineering, and technology in the United States. The bill updates definitions, expands research and development programs, and promotes collaboration between various sectors, including federal agencies, educational institutions, and industry. It also focuses on workforce development, international cooperation, and securing a robust supply chain for quantum technologies. Additionally, the bill outlines funding for specific quantum research initiatives across different federal agencies, such as the Department of Energy, NASA, and the National Science Foundation, to maintain the United States' leadership in quantum technology.
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AnalysisAI
General Summary of the Bill
This bill aims to reauthorize and amend the National Quantum Initiative Act, intending to update and expand the focus on quantum science, engineering, and technology. It introduces new definitions, establishes various programs and centers, and sets funding levels to drive innovation and collaboration in quantum research and development. The bill also emphasizes international cooperation and coordination between governmental agencies and sectors. Additionally, it involves key agencies such as NASA and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in fostering advancements in quantum technology and its applications.
Summary of Significant Issues
Several issues arise within this legislation, primarily due to a lack of specificity in funding allocations and metrics for success. For instance, the allocation of up to $25,000,000 annually for the Department of Energy's Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry Program could be seen as potentially excessive without clear criteria for what constitutes success. Additionally, the increase from 5 to 10 multidisciplinary centers may lead to increased spending without clear evidence of necessity or financial management. The ambiguity in defining a "foreign country of concern" and a "foreign entity of concern" gives broad discretion to government officials, which could lead to inconsistencies in enforcement.
The bill also expands the terms of "information science" to include "information science, engineering, and technology," which, although intended to broaden the scope, lacks clarity and precise definitions that could complicate implementation.
Impact on the Public and Stakeholders
Broadly, the bill could advance the United States' position in the burgeoning field of quantum technology, facilitating technological innovation that may yield new applications in computing, communications, and security. However, the absence of clear budgetary allocations and success metrics poses a risk of inefficient use of taxpayer dollars, which might not translate into tangible benefits for the public in the short term.
For specific stakeholders, the bill offers several opportunities and challenges:
Researchers and Universities: These entities stand to benefit significantly from increased funding and the establishment of research centers, which could enhance their capacity to conduct cutting-edge research and attract international talent. However, without clear metrics, funds might not be used optimally, potentially hampering research efforts.
Private Sector and Startups: Businesses involved in quantum technology could see increased collaboration and potential commercialization opportunities. Yet, there needs to be assurance that funding allocation processes are clear and equitable to avoid favoritism.
Governmental Agencies: The expanded role of agencies such as NASA and NIST could promote synergy across sectors but might also result in overlapping responsibilities and inefficiencies if not managed effectively.
In conclusion, while the bill has the potential to position the U.S. as a leader in quantum technology, careful attention must be paid to specifying clear criteria for funding, success metrics, and inter-agency coordination to maximize positive impacts and minimize inefficiencies.
Financial Assessment
The bill H.R. 6213 proposes significant financial commitments to advance the United States' position in quantum science, engineering, and technology. This commentary delves into the key areas of financial allocations as outlined in the bill and relates them to the issues identified.
Funding and Appropriations
The bill contains several notable financial provisions aimed at supporting quantum technologies through various federal agencies:
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is authorized to receive up to $85 million annually from 2024 to 2027 for its scientific and technical research initiatives related to quantum science (Section 11). Additionally, NIST's quantum centers can receive allocations of up to $18 million per center annually from 2024 to 2028 (Section 12). These allocations aim to develop infrastructure and increase research capabilities, but they need clearly defined success metrics to ensure effectiveness and guard against inefficient spending.
For the National Science Foundation, the bill authorizes up to $141 million annually from 2024 to 2027 for quantum information science research and education activities (Section 13). Also, a Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce (QREW) Coordination Hub can receive up to $10 million annually, and quantum testbeds are allocated up to $50 million annually from 2024 to 2028 (Section 15). These proposed allocations are substantial and come with the challenge of avoiding overlap with existing programs.
The Department of Energy can receive up to $130 million annually from 2024 to 2027 for its quantum information science research program (Section 16). An additional $25 million annually from 2024 to 2028 is designated for the DOE Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry Program (Section 17). The increase from $25 million to $35 million per center annually from 2024 to 2028 for the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers (Section 18) is another significant spend without a transparent rationale. These funds support crucial research infrastructure but would benefit from more explicit performance criteria to justify the expenditures.
The bill specifies that the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) should allocate up to $25 million annually from 2024 to 2028 for quantum activities (Section 23). While investments in cutting-edge technology are generally positive, the lack of specific budgetary details can complicate the financial management and oversight of such funds.
Related Issues
Critics point to several concerns regarding these financial allocations:
The need for specific success metrics and criteria for these investments is crucial. Sections like 16 and 17 describe large sums allocated without transparent benchmarks, risking inefficiencies and potential mismanagement.
The decision to increase multidisciplinary centers from five to ten, as mentioned in Section 14, raises questions about the actual necessity versus better allocation of existing resources.
There is a recurring issue throughout the bill of modifying terms from "information science" to "information science, engineering, and technology" without explicit definitions, possibly leading to financial and implementation ambiguities, particularly in Sections 2, 8, and others.
The issues with discretionary determinations for "foreign countries of concern" could lead to inconsistent implementation, impacting financial allocations and partnerships, as outlined in Section 2.
Overall, while the bill's allocations are intended to foster innovation and maintain the nation's leadership in quantum technologies, precise planning and transparent reporting will be essential to ensure that these investments yield the desired technological and economic benefits.
Issues
The section on 'Definitions' could lead to potential ambiguity due to the lack of specificity in how determinations about 'detrimental conduct' to national security will be made. This might open the door to arbitrary or politically motivated decisions, which is covered in Section 2.
There is a lack of specific metrics or criteria to measure the success or effectiveness of the International Quantum Cooperation Strategy. This lack of clarity might result in inefficiencies and insufficient accountability, covered in Section 9.
The amendment increases the number of multidisciplinary centers from 5 to 10, which could potentially lead to increased spending; it's unclear if the additional centers are necessary or if the funding could be better allocated elsewhere, as mentioned in Section 14.
The funding of up to $25,000,000 annually for the Department of Energy Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry Program is substantial without specific metrics or criteria for success, which could lead to potentially wasteful spending, noted in Section 17.
The funding limit for NASA's quantum institute is not specified, which may lead to unclear budgeting and allocation expectations. This is discussed in Section 502.
The clause about 'foreign country of concern' and 'foreign entity of concern' required broad discretion from government officials, which may lead to inconsistency in implementation, as highlighted in Section 2.
The repeated amendment of 'information science' to 'information science, engineering, and technology' could complicate implementation without explicit definitions, possibly leading to confusion regarding the specific domains covered, as seen in multiple sections, especially Section 8.
The lack of specific metrics or criteria to measure the impact and success of initiatives funded under sections 501 and 502, including NASA quantum activities, could lead to financial mismanagement or lack of accountability.
The absence of specific budgetary allocations in Section 9 and throughout the bill makes it difficult to assess any potential for wasteful spending, which is a repeated concern across multiple sections such as Sections 19 and 20.
The proposed increase in funding for National Quantum Information Science Research Centers from $25 million to $35 million per center might be substantial without a clear justification for the increment, noted in Section 18.
Sections
Sections are presented as they are annotated in the original legislative text. Any missing headers, numbers, or non-consecutive order is due to the original text.
1. Short title Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
This section states that the Act is officially titled the "National Quantum Initiative Reauthorization Act."
2. Definitions Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section updates the National Quantum Initiative Act by rearranging some paragraph numbers and adding new definitions. It defines terms like "Federal Laboratory," "Foreign Country of Concern," "Foreign Entity of Concern," "National Laboratory," and several terms related to quantum technology and STEM, making sure everything is clear and up to date with current language and legal standards.
3. Purposes Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The proposed amendments to the National Quantum Initiative Act focus on expanding and strengthening the field of quantum science, engineering, and technology. This includes increasing training and workforce development, supporting innovative quantum applications and related technologies like AI, fostering international partnerships, and promoting the growth and commercialization of the quantum industry in the U.S., particularly involving small businesses and startups.
4. National Quantum Initiative Program Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The National Quantum Initiative Program section of the bill makes several changes to update and expand the focus of quantum research. It emphasizes the development of quantum science, engineering, and technology, increases collaboration with strategic partners, and enhances coordination of related federal activities and educational programs.
5. National Quantum Coordination Office Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The amendments to the National Quantum Initiative Act establish that the National Quantum Coordination Office will have a director appointed for a four-year term and staff from various federal departments. The office's responsibilities now include promoting understanding and use of quantum technology across the U.S. economy, ensuring stability in the quantum workforce and industry, and fostering international trade.
6. Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section amends the National Quantum Initiative Act to expand the list of participating agencies to include departments such as Health and Human Services, State, and Homeland Security. It also broadens the focus to include engineering and technology alongside science, facilitates interagency collaborations for quantum applications in various sectors, and establishes guidelines for identifying and reporting on quantum computing use cases that could benefit federal agencies.
7. National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section amends the National Quantum Initiative Act to update the qualifications for the Advisory Committee's members and expand their responsibilities, including evaluating the progress of international quantum programs and enhancing U.S. infrastructure related to quantum technology. It also mandates a report on creating a quantum communications network and exempts the committee from certain federal advisory standards.
8. Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information Science Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The amendment to Section 105 of the National Quantum Initiative Act adds new government departments to the subcommittee, expands the scope of quantum information science to include engineering and technology, and emphasizes improving coordination between research entities. It also suggests ways to attract and retain talent in quantum-related fields for the federal government.
9. International Quantum Cooperation Strategy Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section establishes the International Quantum Cooperation Strategy, requiring the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy to develop a strategy, in consultation with various federal agencies, within one year. The strategy focuses on building international partnerships to advance quantum science and technology, ensuring U.S. participation in international efforts, promoting ethical standards, and protecting national security and civil liberties.
105A. International Quantum Cooperation Strategy Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The International Quantum Cooperation Strategy aims to foster international partnerships to advance quantum technology, ensure the U.S. remains actively involved in global quantum science efforts, promote fair international standards, and apply ethical practices to quantum advancements. The strategy will be developed by various agencies and will address security, economic interests, global talent, and supply chain concerns, with the Director providing a briefing to Congress once completed.
10. Sunset Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section in the bill changes the National Quantum Initiative Act to specify that the authority to carry out certain sections will end on December 30, 2030, unless stated otherwise in another part of the law.
11. National Institute of Standards and Technology activities and quantum consortium Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The amendments to the National Quantum Initiative Act aim to enhance the United States' efforts in quantum science and technology by encouraging research, education, international collaboration, and the development of standards in areas like quantum computing and cryptography. It also establishes funding and programs to support the adoption of post-quantum cryptographic standards and mitigate related vulnerabilities, while prohibiting involvement with specific foreign entities.
Money References
- “(e) Funding.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the National Institute of Standards and Technology pursuant to section 10211 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (Public Law 117–167) for scientific and technical research and services laboratory activities, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to carry out this section up to $85,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2027.”.
12. National Institute of Standards and Technology quantum centers Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is tasked with creating up to three quantum centers to boost research and standardization in quantum science, technology, and engineering. These centers, chosen through a competitive process, will operate for five years with possible renewal, receive up to $18 million annually from 2024 to 2028, and must align with NIST's goals while coordinating with other related programs without duplicating efforts.
Money References
- “(e) Funding.—The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall allocate up to $18,000,000 for each center established under this section for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
202. National Institute of Standards and Technology quantum centers Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section establishes that the National Institute of Standards and Technology will create up to three centers focused on advancing quantum information science through a competitive process. These centers will receive up to $18 million each year from 2024 to 2028, can last for five years with potential renewal, and must support research, technology transfer, and U.S. competitiveness while coordinating with existing programs.
Money References
- (e) Funding.—The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall allocate up to $18,000,000 for each center established under this section for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
203. Research security Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section states that the research activities allowed under title II must be conducted in a way that aligns with the specific guidelines of subtitle D of title VI of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, which is part of Public Law 117–167.
13. National Science Foundation quantum information science research and education activities Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section amends the National Quantum Initiative Act to enhance research, education, and workforce development in quantum information science, engineering, and technology. It emphasizes expanding opportunities and resources for students and educators, supporting faculty and collaborative programs, and fostering international cooperation while ensuring funds are not used with entities linked to certain foreign countries or organizations.
Money References
- “(j) Funding.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation pursuant to section 10303 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act (Public Law 117–167) for research and related activities, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National Science Foundation to carry out this section up to $141,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2027.”.
14. Multidisciplinary centers for quantum research and education Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The amendments to Section 302 of the National Quantum Initiative Act include increasing the number of multidisciplinary centers from 5 to 10, expanding the scope of research to include technology, detailing how these centers should increase diversity in STEM fields, allowing centers to engage in international collaborations, and updating the timeline for funding from 2024 to 2028. Additionally, awardees can apply for another 5-year term after a positive review.
15. Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce (QREW) Coordination Hub Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce (QREW) Coordination Hub is established to support workforce development in quantum science and technology by creating curricula, resources, and career opportunities. This effort will involve collaboration between universities, nonprofit organizations, and the private sector to ensure education and job opportunities in quantum industries, focusing on underrepresented groups and integrating quantum into STEM education.
Money References
- “(j) Funding.—The Director of the National Science Foundation shall allocate up to $10,000,000 for the Hub for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
- “(i) Funding.—The Director of the National Science Foundation shall allocate up to $50,000,000 for the quantum testbeds under this section for each fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
303. Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce (QREW) Coordination Hub Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section establishes a Quantum Reskilling, Education, and Workforce (QREW) Coordination Hub to tackle workforce development in the field of quantum science. This Hub, supported by a consortium including multiple colleges and industries, will focus on creating educational materials, promoting career opportunities, and encouraging diversity in the field, while coordinating with various federal agencies and industry groups.
Money References
- (j) Funding.—The Director of the National Science Foundation shall allocate up to $10,000,000 for the Hub for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
304. Quantum testbeds Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The bill section requires the National Science Foundation, alongside other federal agencies, to establish up to five quantum testbeds for research and development at various institutions. These testbeds aim to advance quantum technology by supporting innovative projects and ensuring diverse participation, with $50 million allocated annually from 2024 to 2028, contingent on available funding.
Money References
- (i) Funding.—The Director of the National Science Foundation shall allocate up to $50,000,000 for the quantum testbeds under this section for each fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
305. Research security Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section mandates that the research activities mentioned in title III must align with certain rules established in another law called the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act. This ensures consistency with previously set guidelines.
16. Department of Energy quantum information science research program Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The bill section amends parts of the National Quantum Initiative Act to expand the Department of Energy's programs in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, including establishing research centers, conducting cooperative research, developing strategic plans for high-performance quantum computing, and supporting commercialization efforts. It authorizes up to $130 million annually from 2024 to 2027 to support these activities.
Money References
- “(e) Funding.—Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science pursuant to section 317 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section up to $130,000,000 for each fiscal years 2024 through 2027.”.
17. DOE Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry Program Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The Department of Energy Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry Program mandates the Secretary of Energy to create a program that supports U.S. leadership in quantum technologies by developing supply chains and providing resources to the scientific community. The program will allocate up to $25 million yearly from 2024 to 2028 to build and commercialize key quantum research infrastructure in collaboration with educational and industry partners.
Money References
- “(d) Funding.—The Secretary of Energy shall allocate up to $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028 to carry out this section, subject to the availability of appropriations.
401A. Department of Energy Quantum Instrumentation and Foundry Program Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The Department of Energy is required to set up a program focused on quantum technology to ensure the U.S. remains a world leader, establish supply chains, provide resources to scientists, and support related activities. The program will collaborate with universities and businesses, and will receive up to $25 million annually from 2024 to 2028, subject to funding availability.
Money References
- (d) Funding.—The Secretary of Energy shall allocate up to $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028 to carry out this section, subject to the availability of appropriations.
18. National Quantum Information Science Research Centers Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The amendments to the National Quantum Initiative Act include broadening the scope of science to include engineering and technology, enhancing quantum workforce development, enabling collaborations with commercial entities, promoting a variety of quantum technologies, adding the Office of Technology Transitions to relevant subparagraphs, extending the renewal period for research centers, and increasing funding from $25 million to $35 million for the years 2024 through 2028.
Money References
- Section 402 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8852) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by striking “basic”; (ii) by striking “science and technology” and inserting “science, engineering, and technology, expand capacity for the domestic quantum workforce,”; and (iii) by striking “section 401” and inserting “sections 401, 403, and 404”; and (B) in paragraph (2)(C), by inserting “that may include one or more commercial entities” after “collaborations”; (2) in subsection (b), by inserting “, and should be inclusive of the variety of viable quantum technologies, where appropriate” before the period; (3) in subsection (c), (A) by striking “basic”; and (B) by inserting “, engineering, and technology, accelerating quantum workforce development,” after “science”; (4) in subsection (d)(1)— (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking “and” after the semicolon; (B) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as subparagraph (E); and (C) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the following new subparagraph: “(D) the Office of Technology Transitions; and”; (5) in subsection (e), by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows: “(2) RENEWAL.—Each Center under this section may be renewed for an additional period of 5 years following a successful, merit-based review and approval by the Director.”; and (6) in subsection (f)— (A) by striking “$25,000,000” and inserting “$35,000,000”; and (B) by striking “2019 through 2023” and inserting “2024 through 2028”. ---
19. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure research and development program Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The amendments to Section 403 of the National Quantum Initiative Act aim to boost the development of quantum network infrastructure by expanding partnerships, incorporating various technologies, and improving education and training related to these technologies. It also emphasizes the inclusion of diverse business sizes in research and development, and broadens the scope from basic research to include development and demonstration activities.
20. Department of Energy Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology program Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The Department of Energy Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology program is being updated to enhance the development and use of quantum computing resources. These changes include improvements to software, applications, and collaboration with both public and private sectors to foster education and training on quantum technology, as well as an increase in funding for fiscal year 2028.
Money References
- Section 404 of the of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8854) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)— (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking “and quantum computing clouds” and inserting “, software, and cloud-based quantum computers”; (B) in paragraph (3), by striking “and” after the semicolon; (C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (D) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: “(5) to enable development of software and applications, including estimation of resources needed to scale applications; and “(6) to develop near-term quantum applications to solve public and private sector problems.”; (2) in subsection (b)— (A) in paragraph (4), by striking “and” after the semicolon; (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period and inserting a semicolon; and (C) by at the end the following new paragraphs: “(6) enables users to develop algorithms, software tools, simulators, and applications for quantum systems using cloud-based quantum computers; and “(7) partner with appropriate public and private sector entities to develop training and education opportunities on prototype and early-state devices.”; (3) in subsection (c)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (4), (5), (6), (7), and (8) as paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9), respectively; (B) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: “(4) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;”; and (C) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by inserting “, including small and medium-sized businesses and startups” before the semicolon; and (4) in subsection (e)— (A) in paragraph (4), by striking “and” after the semicolon; (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period and inserting “; and”; and (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: “(6) $38,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.”. ---
21. Quantum information science to enhance the resilience, security, and efficiency of the electric grid Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The proposed amendment to the National Quantum Initiative Act would have the Secretary of Energy lead efforts in using quantum science and technology to make the electric grid in the United States more resilient, secure, and efficient. Research would focus on areas like fault detection, grid security, and energy storage, often in partnership with industries, national labs, and educational institutions.
405. Quantum information science to enhance the resilience and security of the electric grid Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section directs the Secretary of Energy to research and develop ways, using quantum technology, to make the United States electric grid more secure and efficient. This involves working with companies, laboratories, and universities to explore areas such as fault detection, grid security, and energy storage.
22. Research security Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section on research security in the amended National Quantum Initiative Act mandates that the authorized activities under Title IV adhere to guidelines consistent with the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
406. Research security Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section states that the research security activities permitted under a specific title of the law must follow guidelines set by another part of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
23. National Aeronautics and Space Administration quantum activities Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is authorized to conduct research on quantum information science, engineering, and technology and may establish a dedicated quantum institute. The agency can collaborate with other federal agencies and institutions, focusing on areas like quantum sensing, networking, and computing, and is allocated funding of up to $25 million annually through 2028, subject to available appropriations.
Money References
- “The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall allocate up to $25,000,000 to carry out the activities authorized in sections 501 and 502 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
501. Quantum information science, engineering, and technology research for space and aeronautics Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section authorizes NASA to conduct research on quantum information science and encourages collaboration with other federal agencies. It requires NASA to develop a strategy, report to Congress, and consider input from various stakeholders to explore applications like quantum computing and communications.
502. National Aeronautics and Space Administration quantum institute Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The section permits the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to create an institute focused on using quantum science for space and aeronautics, provided there is enough funding. The institute will select participants through a competitive process, can partner with various organizations, and will work to advance research and education while coordinating with NASA to avoid duplicating efforts.
503. Authorization of appropriations Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The Administrator of NASA is allowed to use up to $25 million each year from 2024 to 2028 to support activities described in sections 501 and 502, as long as the funds are available. These funds will come from the budget already given to NASA.
Money References
- The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall allocate up to $25,000,000 to carry out the activities authorized in sections 501 and 502 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028, subject to the availability of appropriations.
504. Research security Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The activities outlined in title V need to comply with specific rules mentioned in subtitle D of title VI from the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act. This Act became part of Public Law 117–167, focusing on research security measures.
24. National Science Foundation cryptography research Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The National Science Foundation's cryptography research section includes an amendment to the Cyber Security Research and Development Act. This amendment mandates the inclusion of post-quantum cryptography, as defined by a separate law, into the existing research priorities.
25. Clerical amendments Read Opens in new tab
Summary AI
The clerical amendments to the National Quantum Initiative Act involve adding new sections to the table of contents, such as international cooperation in quantum strategy, establishing quantum centers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and initiatives related to quantum education and workforce coordination. Additionally, new sections detail the Department of Energy's quantum programs and establish a title concerning NASA's activities in quantum information science, engineering, and technology research for space and aeronautics.